Machiavelli and Hobbes - 1493 Words

Machiavelli and Hobbes To be successful, one must have the appearance of virtuousness, but not necessarily be virtuous. At least, this appears to be true according to Niccolo Machiavellis works. Machiavellis idea of the virtuous republican citizen may be compared to Hobbes idea of a person who properly understands the nature and basis of sovereign political power. Hobbes ideas seem to suggest that most anyone can claim rightful authority as there is a belief in God, and one can under Hobbes, claim legitimate authority rather easily. There are few proofs. Machiavelli, on the other hand, takes a strong position and suggests specific criteria in terms of power. With Machiavelli, there is a sense of righteousness and fairness and while†¦show more content†¦This is an important point and to some extent divides the ideas of Hobbes and Machiavelli. It is difficult to imagine making law without God at the center. The two men seem to passionately disagree and have a grossly different outlook in terms of wh o is running the show. The embrace of God, or the rejection of God, is important in terms of how one views man. Machiavelli believes that good Princes make good law because there is an intrinsic right and wrong, but Hobbes really puts God at the center of the issue asserting that what is good is of God. There are several other differences one can note when comparing and contrasting Hobbes and Machiavelli. Machiavelli conveys the message that leaders must change with the times while it would seem that Hobbes would not support such a notion as Gods dictums are timeless. In many ways, the convictions that underlie Hobbes ideas are stronger. There was an incompatibility of religious ideas and a humanity that seems to be more equated with selfishness than with generosity. According to Machiavelli, one must have the appearance of virtuousness, but not necessarily be virtuous. That seems to be a contradiction and Hobbes would not likely support such an idea. At the same time, Machiavellis ends justifying the means hypothesis is not all that terrible. Those who would criticize the position would be comforted to know that the author fully expects a leader to look at every possible option andShow MoreRelatedMachiavelli, Hobbes, And Locke1791 Words   |  8 PagesCindy Kim Godrej Leslie Cox November 24, 2014 Paper 2 By looking at the readings of Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke, there are a few distinctions between how the modern thinkers viewed politics versus the way the ancient thinkers believed politics should be. There are many topics both modern and ancient thinkers discuss in their writings, such as the purpose of politics, the science of politics, human nature, as well as the ideal regime. By doing so, these thinkers’ views on political topics suchRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbes1472 Words   |  6 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes both have compelling views towards liberty or freedom. In relation to politics, the term liberty and freedom is an essential contested concept. Because we have no complete agreement as to what these terms concrete definitions are, we will always have politics. The two thinkers have provided a framework of what these two terms mean which laid out a platform for what the terms mean today. Machiavelli expressed his views throug h his works, The Discourses and TheRead MoreThomas Hobbes And Nicholas Machiavelli Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pages Thomas Hobbes and Nicholas Machiavelli embarked on the journey to create. Although depicted as nasty realists, closer reading into Machiavelli and Hobbes reveal the aspirations of idealists. Idealists who dared to imagine a different world, a world wherein man is not depraved and fallen — but is rather able to create. In effect, these idealist exalted man’s abilities rather than man’s depravity and banishment from the garden of eden. Machiavelli acknowledged that the practice of creating a politicalRead MoreSimilarities Between Machiavelli And Hobbes1205 Words   |  5 Pagesmen have pondered over ideas similar to this; how much power is too much power? And how much power should a man employ to hold an ideal government? This governmental â€Å"ideal† is what Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince strived to achieve and how Tomas Hobbes’ governmental steps in The Leviathan resulted. During the dramatic changes of the Italian Renaissance, The Pri nce was Machiavelli’s attempt to restore strong centralized power that Italy currently lacked. Furthermore, in response to the fear andRead MoreThe Political Theories Of Machiavelli, Niccolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbes1456 Words   |  6 Pagesprominent political theorists were Aristotle, Niccolo Machiavelli, and Thomas Hobbes. Aristotle viewed humans as natural â€Å"political animals† that have both rational and irrational sides to them, allowing for a government that provided overall goodness for the people. Machiavelli took a more grim view of human nature that shows humans as being naturally selfish and ambitious, so the government should be about greatness and maintaining power. Hobbes believed that in their natural state, humans are nastyRead MoreThomas Hobbes And Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince And Hobbes Leviathan1447 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes and Niccolà ² Machiavelli are known to be philosophers whom have helped to develop the views of polit ical power and human nature. Both men had very different views from one another, yet at the same time they did indeed have many similarities. From having opposite views on Political Power, to having alike views on Human Nature, Hobbes and Machiavelli are men whom have shaped political philosophy throughout our time. Through the works of Machiavelli’s, The Prince and Hobbes’ Leviathan theirRead MoreHobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Machiavelli Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesHobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Machiavelli The thirteenth through the eighteenth century brought profound changes in the political realm of Western civilization. Beginning with the Scientific Revolution and only advancing during the Renaissance, secularization and skepticism lead to changes in not only the intellectual life of Westerners, but also to their politics. At the forefront of the political debate were well-versed men such as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. The influencesRead MoreDifferent Philosophers, Nicolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbes1326 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers, Nicolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes. Both Machiavelli and Hobbes express their thoughts and opinions on the topic of human nature in their work. In Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† dating back to the renaissance is one of the most controversial pieces of writing still studied to this day. Machiavelli believes that we are born either powerful or born as nobody’s or as â€Å"private citizens† as he describes it (Machiavelli, The Prince, Chapters 12-18). Within this piece Machiavelli outlines and providesRead MoreComparing Machiavelli And Hobbes Political Writings And The Leviathan1423 Words   |  6 PagesBoth Machiavelli and Hobbes have personal roots in violent historical times which are seen reflected in their respective theories about the use of violence in politics. The legitimate use of violence is a topic addressed by both theorists in their respective works, as read in Selected Political Writings and The Leviathan. Who has the monopoly over the use of violence, what its terms of use are, and what the consequences of its use are, are distinct from the works of both Machiavelli and Hobbes. Hobbes’Read MoreEssay about Morality: Comparing Hobbes and Machiavelli1203 Words   |  5 Pagesmorality comes from, how it affects people under a political structure and how human nature contributes or doesn’t to morality. Hobbes and Machiavelli differ widely on each subject. Machiavelli’s views on morality, based upon a literal interpretation of the satire The Prince, is very much a practical and realistic approach to the nature of morality and human nature. Hobbes’ views, based in Leviathan, are of a more idealistic nature, and my views are a little in between the two. One of the major connections

The Economic Bill Of Rights - 888 Words

One of the most famous historical documents is the Economic Bill of Rights, which is also known as the Second Bill of Rights. This document is especially important for the modern American during the current recession. It is an extremely reliable account of the past, requiring a historian to approach it with the knowledge that it was written immediately before World War II (thus understanding the economy of the time and the reasons behind this document’s creation), and remains applicable to the twenty-first century economy. This document, though known today as the Second Bill of Rights, was originally part of Franklin Roosevelt’s state of the Union address in 1944. Also titled the Economic Bill of Rights, it was produced and shared for the first time in Washington, D.C. (US History 2016). Though originally crafted as part of an overall speech, this document now stands alone as the Economic Bill of Rights. At the beginning of the speech, the President addresses the initial goals of the United States and the ways in which they conflict with the current economy. He promises that the American people were entering a new world of happiness and longevity, but questioned how anyone could be content if even one part of the population remained hungry or homeless (Roosevelt, 1). Therefore, Roosevelt deems freedom to have an intrinsic relationship to economic security and livelihood. He explains that freedom cannot be guaranteed unless everyone is happy, and even asserts that anShow MoreRelatedA Good Number Of Socio Economic Rights Essay984 Words   |  4 Pagesas justiciable rights, or (iii) marking these rights as non-justiciable directive principles of state policy, or (iv) omitting totally to refer to these rights in the constitution. 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Lipman Bottle Company free essay sample

Variable Cost per Thousand Table 1 *hours per thousand bottles= setup time/ median order size; total time per thousand= hours per thousand bottles + run time per thousand; operating cost per thousand= total time per thousand * variable cost per machine-hour; direct cost to manufacture= cost per thousand passes+ operating cost per thousand; total direct cost per thousand= shipping + scrap + direct cost to manufacture As shown in the Table 1, it is a part of question1. In the textbook, it has illustrated the 10 month income statement, containing variable cost per machine per hour and cost per thousand passes, which are used for the calculations. For the question 1, it requires to compute two order quantity ranges- 5000- 9999 and 100000- 249999, using the median of the order sizes for simplification. Setup time for a job is a factor of variable cost, so in the table, it has setup time, and uses it to get hours per thousand bottles. We will write a custom essay sample on Lipman Bottle Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The formula is demonstrated below the Table 1. The setup time and run time per thousand adding together can get the total time of working per thousand, which means that when the company operates machines, it will spend cost, and should be included in variable. As a result, total time increases variable cost per machine per hour. Another thing should be mentioned here is the automatic and semiautomatic machine. The question demands automatic feature, but Lipman Company only has eight semiautomatic machines; the run time is 1. 0 hour per bottle of one-separation job and size 0-1 ounce. The run time is different for different sizes. Moreover, one-separation and two-separation jobs are also different. The scrap and shipping to New York- New Jersey Area are decided by diverse sizes. In addition, cost per thousand passes, scrap, and shipping are all parts of variable cost. So, variable cost comprehends operating cost per thousand, cost per thousand passes, scrap, and shipping. All the answers of question 1 will be shown in the Exhibit 1. Price for Albany According to the description of the Lipman Bottle Company, Mr. Lipman does not agree with Exhibit 2, which is printing prices charged by industry leaders (price per thousand bottles). As a result, a new price list is required. The Lipman Bottle Company case clarifies the use of full cost information to set printing prices. The company is a distributor which also prints labels on bottles. It has $1 million capacity. Lipman had far more printing capacity than needed to print bottles that the firm sold. Consequently, Mr. Lipman’s goal is to earn 30 percent margin. Table 2 *price= variable cost * (1. 0+30%) In the Table 2, it also not explains the whole answer, which will be shown in Exhibit 2. The price equals to variable cost and 30 percent of variable cost. The price is mainly influences by bottle size, quantity, and separations. The first question has already found out the variable cost, which comprises the three factors. The price is determined by variable cost. The 30 percent margin also should be calculated based on variable cost. Recommendations for New York- New Jersey The suggestion for products sold in New York- New Jersey should also be considered the price. All decisions making are according to price list. The way to get the price of New York- New Jersey is similar to the way of Albany. Table 3 Compare with the six productions, the two-separation rounds and two-separation ovals can earn more profit than others. At the same bottle size, two-separation rounds have the highest price. And the price will go up with the bottle size increasing. The same situation is also accurate for the two-separation ovals. That is to say, 17-32 ounce bottle size is the best choice. For the order quantity, the company prefers the 100000-249999. But, based on the income statement and the global economy, if there is only one company, it is obviously two products. However, there is more the one competitor, although they are not as large as the Lipman Company, they still can have threat. Consequently, 5000-9999 is a more realistic target. On the other hand, the shipping will change by how the productions transport to New York- New Jersey. They can use air or other methods. Exhibit 1 Exhibit 2